<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://imperialmap.omeka.fas.harvard.edu/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=11&amp;sort_field=added" accessDate="2026-05-04T20:35:36-04:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>11</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>173</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="688" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="82">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/ab12372af70f4f7d249632e446def7b7.png</src>
        <authentication>1b9068a8bbc063589a971456935bb800</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6438">
                <text>1902 Russia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6439">
                <text>This map is in Russian and focuses on the European side of Russia including a small amount of Siberia. The map has muted tan tones but utilizes colors like blue and black to clearly indicate boundaries, waterways, railways  and roads. The names of towns and cities are legible and there is a detailed legend though it is difficult to translate from Cyrillic. &#13;
&#13;
The legend reads from top to bottom: highways, main heavy cargo roads, telegraph lines, [boundaries:] international, provincial, district, [towns:] capital, provincial capital, district capital, other points/settlements, major mountain ranges/ridges.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6448">
                <text>A. Ilyin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6449">
                <text>David Rumsey Historical Map Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6450">
                <text>Russian Ministry of Transport</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6451">
                <text>1902</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6440">
                <text>a8cbb5b0-0cd2-42db-9ac5-27927d6155ac</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="163">
        <name>Railways</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="5">
        <name>Road</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>Russia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="143">
        <name>Transportation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="225">
        <name>Waterways</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="689" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="83">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/28e23c643a4a18e113c0696297249ef2.jpg</src>
        <authentication>84066578374099356b53628de79c60a3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6441">
                <text>1900 Russia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6442">
                <text>This map is in Russian and focuses on the European side of Russia including just a small section of Siberia. While not in full color, the color utilized clearly indicates country and province boundaries c. This map includes a legend which, using color and symbols, shows city or towns, size, and types of transportation (railways, canals, telegraph lines). As this map details multiple ways one could send information during that period comparisons can be made with older maps and deductions can be made as to which options each town or city had available to them for sending information.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6443">
                <text>Richard Andree</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6444">
                <text>This is the English version of the German Andrees Handatlas, 3rd edition (1893-1897)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6445">
                <text>The Office of the Times / David Rumsey Historical Map Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6446">
                <text>1893-1900</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6447">
                <text>66bea939-d041-4b8f-a7f6-40557eec6e6b</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="213">
        <name>canals</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="163">
        <name>Railways</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>Russia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="195">
        <name>Telegraph</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="690" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="84">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/722cf7c93315e88e4adf14fb0c357c12.jpg</src>
        <authentication>73614e51ae12701deb51d6cc2e42a0bb</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6453">
                <text>1897 Russia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6454">
                <text>This map is in English and focuses on the European side of Russia excluding all of Siberia. In color and with clear indications of land boundaries and travel routes it is easy to locate rail routes and specific town or city names. As one way of sending information during that period was via rail, deductions can be made to the distance and speed that information could travel.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6455">
                <text>Rand McNally</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6456">
                <text>David Rumsey Historical Map Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6457">
                <text>Rand McNally &amp;  Company</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6458">
                <text>1897</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6459">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6460">
                <text>fbf42e6e-ded5-47ea-93b6-4581ed57dbff</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="42">
        <name>English</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>Russia</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="691" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="85">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/1d10e0798ef35440505150a9a0a41e7a.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>8796ee1ea399bc18acbf14f39cce66f2</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6461">
                <text>Etnograficheskaia karta Aziatskoi Rossii.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6463">
                <text>Saint Petersburg, Russia : Resettlement Department of the Land Regulation and Agriculture Administration, 1914.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6464">
                <text>1914</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6465">
                <text>Russian</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6816">
                <text>Ethnographic Map of Asiatic Russia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6920">
                <text>This map of Asiatic Russia tells the story of Russia's vast ethnic diversity. Just saying that the Russian Empire was diverse would be an understatement. Because of Russia's strategic location between Europe and Asia, it has come in contact with a large quantity of different peoples. There are over 120 different ethnic groups recognized in Russia today. The largest of them being Slavs or people of ethnic Russian heritage. This map shows the people groups of Asiatic Russia or Siberia. From the Turkic peoples to the south, The Chukchi in the northeast, and the Russian settlers in the center. The legend in the upper-left corner tells us that there are six ethnic categories and 21 groups (that this map includes.) The first category is Indo-Europeans which consists of Russians (Slavs), and Tajiks. It should be noted that Tajiks are considered by most as a Central Asian race and not an Indo-European race. The next category is the indigenous people of the far northeast region, next to Alaska. These groups are probably the furthest from traditional European Russian culture and these groups have much more in common culturally, Ethnicity and linguistically with Native Americans, especially the Native people of northern Canada. These groups are: Chukchi, Koryaks, Kamchadals, Yukagirs, Chuvans, and others. Both the Mongolian and Tunguska categories were mostly made up of one group. The Buryats for the Mongols and Tungus for the Tunguska. With some other smaller groups. The largest category is the Turko-Tatar Groups. The Turkic people in Central Asia and the Caucasus, according to this map, included: Tatars, Turkmens, Yakoots, Uzbeks, Kara-Kalpaks, Sarts, and Kyrgyzs. Many of the Turkic groups live in what is now modern-day Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Samoyed people groups not to be confused with the dog breed live in north-central Russia and this category consists of: Yooraks, Samoyeds, Tavgytsy, and Ostyak-Samoyeds. The last categories are the Finnish groups. The Finnish groups are very intriguing because they originated in Siberia around the Urals. Then some moved west onto the Scandinavian peninsula and the Baltics. The groups are Ostyaks and Vogels.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6466">
                <text>1201b785-e015-4faa-a25b-fed834c8e581</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="229">
        <name>Asia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="230">
        <name>Ethnographic</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>Russia</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="712" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="106">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/14e6971977ab6c7d473769f72af7816c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>740d1c1b69731c5816247d3566efb2c0</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6627">
                <text>Floating hospital at Nizhny Novgorod, on the Volgaengraving from The Illustrated London News, No 2787, September 17, 1892.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6628">
                <text>The cholera in Russia, floating hospital.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6629">
                <text>Floating hospital at Nizhny Novgorod, on the Volga, the cholera in Russia, engraving from The Illustrated London News, No 2787, September 17, 1892.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6630">
                <text>The Illustrated London News, No 2787, September 17, 1892.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6631">
                <text>“Intro to the Outbreak | Russia and the Cholera Epidemic of 1892.” Accessed January 19, 2022. https://russiancholeraoutbreak.voices.wooster.edu/intro-to-the-outbreak/.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6632">
                <text>he Illustrated London News, No 2787, September 17, 1892</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6633">
                <text>1892</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6634">
                <text>Photo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6635">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6636">
                <text>5daa8e22-d643-487f-a135-19d6dcbc25fc</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="149">
        <name>Cholera</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="164">
        <name>Hospital</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="148">
        <name>Nizhny Novgorod</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="184">
        <name>Volga River</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="723" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="120">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/94ac2e81faa27d58db7c785baa936d81.jpg</src>
        <authentication>913838e47f26b57b51f67e687047d276</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6733">
                <text>Map of the Trans-Siberian with the indication of the directions proposed by different people for the route of the railways</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6734">
                <text>Rail Transport, Maps, Siberia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6735">
                <text>This map was created in St. Petersburg on or about 1900 for a French audience, with a possible goal of showing the growing rail networks off to Western European audiences. It differentiates the rail lines by their dates of completion, as well as showing water routes of transportation such as navigable rivers and canals.  Roads are indicated as mail routes, completing the view of transportation across Russia at the turn of the century.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;No significant demographic, economic, or environmental information is present but what can be inferred by the presence or planning of rail lines. The borders of countries are shown, as well as borders between provinces. Distances are given in Versts, with a scale in the upper right offering that a Verst converts to 1067 meters.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6736">
                <text>Autolit de Kelch</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6737">
                <text>HVD - Core</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6738">
                <text>Harvard Map Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6739">
                <text>c. 1900</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6740">
                <text>Paper mounted on linen, 38x68cm.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6741">
                <text>French</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6742">
                <text>Map</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6743">
                <text>E 31°14'00"-W 169°02'00"/N 77°35'00"-N 36°06'00"</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6744">
                <text>9cab9df4-cb37-4479-a902-67beddb96332</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="724" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="122">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/f6637d99a5f3ff0a14b18a8434cdaa20.jpg</src>
        <authentication>17c1b079fdb6d4acca5c4e3bacb3ae01</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6745">
                <text>Russia (Showing Rail Lines as of 1892)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6746">
                <text>Map showing current rail lines as of 1892</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6747">
                <text>While many of the most compelling maps of the rail system in Russia in the late 19th century are aspirational and show many planned routes that would not ultimately be built (and if built would be built differently), this provides a simple view of what actually was in place at the time of the epidemic and would have been available to a traveller wishing to flee the dangers of big cities.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is largely a political map, with provinces differentiated by color and cities and larger towns are notated. Although largely in English, the scale is given in versts as well as miles.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6748">
                <text>D. Appleton &amp; Co.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6749">
                <text>D. Appleton &amp; Co. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6750">
                <text>1892</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6751">
                <text>David Rumsey Map Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6752">
                <text>Paper map (2 sheets), 48x32 cm</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6753">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6754">
                <text>Map</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6761">
                <text>David Rumsey Map Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6755">
                <text>f4b7b23d-e61d-43b6-a05e-bf67b6a35107</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="725" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="123">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/eb3498e4ea710a92d30628617748fc92.png</src>
        <authentication>e68ec365674af61d14b16b7ce79120c6</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6762">
                <text>e2dc0275-e2cc-4456-a42a-cb6ba9aebd5c</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6763">
                <text>1346-1353 "Black Death" Plague Map</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6764">
                <text>Modern map showing the transmission routes and years of the plague outbreak</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6765">
                <text>Map depicts the routes and years that the "Black Death" also known as the Pestilence, the Great Mortality or the Plague) was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Afro-Eurasia from 1346 to 1353. ... The plague created religious, social and economic upheavals, with profound effects on the course of European history. This map was important for my project as it illustrates similar routes of transmission and origin as cholera and malaria. The area of recorded outbreak is marked in green in the Caspian Sea and Caucasus regions moving in an east to west direction before turning back on itself and reentering Russia from a west to east direction.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6766">
                <text>O.J. Benedictow</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6767">
                <text>2018</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6768">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="726" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="133">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/206c5c9a19388e6885fba96a5eb8fc99.jpg</src>
        <authentication>956dc741e4271ca8be8e816fd21e024a</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6769">
                <text>2a77ff83-391c-4c92-86b8-9646853f9741</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6770">
                <text>1943 Malaria "Hot Spot" Map</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6771">
                <text>A U.S. Army map showing the areas affected by malaria outbreaks around the world</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6772">
                <text>This is a map created by Captain Theodor Seuss Geisel of the U.S. Army Special Service Division for all personal in the Army Orientation Course to show the areas in the world that suffer from high levels of malaria. It depicts intensity levels from light red to dark red.  The map was created to educated U.S. servicemen on the areas of concern for this serious health concern. After high numbers of U.S. servicemen were put out of action in the South Pacific in 1942 due to malaria, an education campaign was created to better prepare U.S. military personnel on the dangerous of not taking personal precautions to combat malaria. Unfortunately to view this particular map in greater detail will require going to the link below:&#13;
https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~288913~90060542:This-is-Ann-----she-drinks-blood--H?sort=Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No&amp;qvq=q:malaria;sort:Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No;lc:RUMSEY~8~1&amp;mi=0&amp;trs=4&#13;
&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6773">
                <text>Captain Theodor Seuss Geisel</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6774">
                <text>Special Service Division Army Service Forces</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6775">
                <text>1943</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="727" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="125">
        <src>https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperialmap/original/0b3060f329cc886b4f08913ec9392a3a.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>b178a4f7a16c0a4a23a210d7fc1017ee</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6779">
                <text>The "Grand Migration" (1880-1914)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6780">
                <text>The mass migration of East European Jews from 1880-1914</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6782">
                <text>The Penguin Atlas of Diasporas by Gerard Chaliand and Jean-Pierre Rageau. Maps by Catherine Petit. Penguin Books U.S.A. Inc., 1995. (p. 59)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6794">
                <text>This map, “The ‘Grand Migration’ 1880-1914,” is a visual representation of the mass migration of East European Jews to various areas of the world between the years 1880 and 1914.&#13;
&#13;
The map features blue arrows of varying thicknesses connecting the origin of the migration in Eastern Europe with seven ultimate destinations. The thinner arrows (representing fewer migrants) lead to Palestine, Canada, Mexico, Argentina, and France, while the thicker arrow (representing more migrants) flows through the United Kingdom and ends in the United States.&#13;
&#13;
While there are no numbers on the map, the legend gives us an idea of the concentration of both emigrants and immigrants during this time period. Countries colored purple (Romania and the west of the Russian Empire) represent those with “heavy emigration;” and those colored pink (Greece, Austria-Hungary, etc.) represent “significant emigration.” Countries colored dark green (the United States and Great Britain) represent those with “heavy Jewish immigration;” those colored light green (Canada, Mexico, etc.) signify “significant Jewish immigration.” Lastly, black dots signify “gateways of migration” and include London, Hamburg, and New York, among others.&#13;
&#13;
To understand the magnitude of this migration, it is necessary to attach numbers to the visuals. Between 1880 and 1914, 2.5 million Jews emigrated from Eastern Europe. Approximately two million reached the United States, while 350,000 settled in Western Europe (Great Britain and France, for example), and 300,000 chose other overseas countries (Palestine and Canada, for example.) This mass migration signified a diaspora of Eastern European Jews that resulted in settlements all over the world.&#13;
&#13;
I chose this map because my podcast is about the Russian Jewish mass migration that occurred at the end of the 19th century and continued into the first two decades of the 20th century. The migration was kickstarted in 1881 when Tsarist Russia unleashed a slew of pogroms upon the Russian Jews, targeting the population with organized massacres because of supposed “disloyalty” to the Tsar. While the catalyzing event was  real (a Jewish woman helped organize the assassination of Tsar Alexander II), the pogroms were an escalation of persistent persecution of Jews in the Russian Empire that included forced settlement in the Pale (an area in Western Russia) and little to no rights as Russian subjects.&#13;
&#13;
When the cholera outbreak of 1892 ravaged Asiatic Europe, it added yet another reason for Jews to flee Russia, as they, being marginalized people already, were blamed for the rapid spread of the disease. This map emphasizes the heavy flow of immigrants to the United States in particular; it serves as a backdrop to my discussion of the suspicion and prejudice that the Western world ascribed to the Russian Jews as they fled one form of persecution only to be met with another.&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6795">
                <text>Catherine Petit</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6796">
                <text>The Mapping Globalization Project (Princeton University and the University of Washington) https://commons.princeton.edu/mg/the-grand-jewish-migration-1880-1914/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6797">
                <text>1995</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6798">
                <text>Thumbnail is publicly accessible.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6799">
                <text>JPEG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6800">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6801">
                <text>Migration map</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6802">
                <text>This map shows the spacial presence of Jews as they migrated from Eastern Europe between 1880 and 1914.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="5">
        <name>IIIF Item Metadata</name>
        <description/>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="65">
            <name>UUID</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="6781">
                <text>f0c88322-a9a8-43b8-b1fe-fcfcc636e719</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="240">
        <name>1880</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="241">
        <name>1914</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="176">
        <name>diaspora</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="242">
        <name>East European Jews</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="239">
        <name>emigration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="238">
        <name>Russian Jews</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
